Melody

 The majority of European music prior to the 20th century had melodies with "fixed and easily identified frequency patterns" that were repeated "events that were sometimes repeated at all levels of structural structure" as well as "recurrences of patterns and durations lengths." Melodies from the 20th century "used more pitches than the standard in any other time period of Western music time." The diatonic scale remains being used, however the chromatic scale has become extensively employed. Composers assigned a structural function to the "qualitative dimensions" that were "almost only reserved" for rhythm and pitch. Kliewer states, "Composers also gave a structure role to "the qualitative dimensions" which were previously "almost only reserved for pitch and rhythm."